專業井式回火爐通電運行步驟:1、打開氮化爐總控電源。2、電柜控制面板上“手動/自動” 旋鈕,打到自動。3、進入控制系統觸摸屏,點擊“(一)打弧參數設定”,選擇開保溫段數09,完畢退出。4、井式回火爐生產點擊“(二)升溫保溫參數設定”,查看參數是否正確,9保溫時間300min,點擊“升壓保壓參數設定”,5到達壓力350Pa。5、進入系統運行,選擇確認爐體, 1號爐(左),2號爐(右),若爐體不是要工作爐體,點擊“爐體切換”,(爐體工作過程中一定不要按爐體切換按鈕)。6、上海井式回火爐抽真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong):左(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)角系統(tong)開(kai)(kai)始按(an)鈕(niu)由(you)紅(hong)色(se)變成綠色(se),真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)1(3),2(4)按(an)鈕(niu)變綠,檢查(cha)兩個真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)是否(fou)都啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)運轉,如(ru)有不運轉,打開(kai)(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)控柜右(you)下(xia)門,檢查(cha)是否(fou)跳閘,確認兩個真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)都已(yi)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)工(gong)作后(hou),打開(kai)(kai)真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)蝶閥(之前一定要(yao)關閉(bi)否(fou)則真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)中油會(hui)被氣(qi)壓(ya)壓(ya)進爐(lu)(lu)體),開(kai)(kai)始抽真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong),當壓(ya)強達到(dao)(dao)100Pa左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)時(shi)(shi),關閉(bi)1(3)號真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)蝶閥,當壓(ya)強達到(dao)(dao)60Pa左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)時(shi)(shi),真(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)(beng)1(3)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關閉(bi)(綠燈熄滅),高壓(ya)按(an)鈕(niu)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)開(kai)(kai)啟。7、黑色(se)脈(mo)沖控制盤上(shang),電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)撥鈕(niu)打到(dao)(dao)左(zuo)(zuo)邊(bian)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)撥鈕(niu),占空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)比(bi)撥鈕(niu)打到(dao)(dao)右(you)邊(bian)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)溫(wen)時(shi)(shi)間長,根(gen)(gen)據實際(ji)情況可調為手動(dong)(dong)(dong)控制),電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)旋(xuan)(xuan)鈕(niu),占空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)比(bi)旋(xuan)(xuan)鈕(niu)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉到(dao)(dao)右(you)邊(bian)合適位(wei)置(zhi)(峰值電(dian)(dian)(dian)流=100~200 ,電(dian)(dian)(dian)流A≤150),爐(lu)(lu)體開(kai)(kai)始安全工(gong)作,罐(guan)內工(gong)件開(kai)(kai)始打弧。8、滅弧送氨(an)(an)氣(qi)爐(lu)(lu)內溫(wen)度到(dao)(dao)90度,爐(lu)(lu)罐(guan)內輝(hui)光穩定之后(hou)(不閃弧),開(kai)(kai)氨(an)(an)氣(qi)罐(guan),黃色(se)換向(xiang)閥打到(dao)(dao)左(zuo)(zuo)邊(bian)1號爐(lu)(lu)(右(you)邊(bian)為2號爐(lu)(lu)),氨(an)(an)氣(qi)流量不用調,控制器(qi)會(hui)根(gen)(gen)據爐(lu)(lu)內壓(ya)強自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)調整。9、加(jia)送二(er)氧(yang)化碳氣(qi)體大(da)約9-10小時(shi)(shi)后(hou)升(sheng)(sheng)溫(wen)到(dao)(dao)500℃時(shi)(shi)占空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)比(bi)撥鈕(niu)打至自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)狀態(tai),然(ran)后(hou)繼續升(sheng)(sheng)溫(wen)至510℃到(dao)(dao)保溫(wen)狀態(tai),打開(kai)(kai)二(er)氧(yang)化碳氣(qi)閥,設(she)置(zhi)屏(ping)幕上(shang)2種氣(qi)體流量比(bi)例(比(bi)例約為7%)。
給大(da)(da)家介(jie)紹下熱(re)處理(li)(li)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度三種現象:1、一(yi)般(ban)過(guo)熱(re):熱(re)處理(li)(li)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度過(guo)高或在高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)下保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)時間過(guo)長,引起(qi)奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)晶(jing)粒(li)(li)(li)粗化(hua)(hua)稱(cheng)為(wei)過(guo)熱(re)。粗大(da)(da)的(de)奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)晶(jing)粒(li)(li)(li)會導(dao)致鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)強韌性(xing)(xing)降低(di),脆性(xing)(xing)轉變(bian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度升高,增加(jia)(jia)淬(cui)(cui)火時的(de)變(bian)形(xing)開裂(lie)(lie)傾向。而(er)導(dao)致過(guo)熱(re)的(de)原因是(shi)爐溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)儀表(biao)失控或混料(常(chang)(chang)為(wei)不(bu)懂(dong)工(gong)藝發(fa)生的(de))。過(guo)熱(re)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)可經退火、正(zheng)火或多次高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)回火后(hou),在正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)情況下重新奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)使(shi)晶(jing)粒(li)(li)(li)細化(hua)(hua)。 2、斷(duan)口(kou)(kou)遺(yi)(yi)傳:熱(re)處理(li)(li)有過(guo)熱(re)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)的(de)鋼(gang)(gang)材(cai),重新加(jia)(jia)熱(re)淬(cui)(cui)火后(hou),雖能(neng)使(shi)奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)晶(jing)粒(li)(li)(li)細化(hua)(hua),但有時仍出現粗大(da)(da)顆(ke)粒(li)(li)(li)狀斷(duan)口(kou)(kou)。產生斷(duan)口(kou)(kou)遺(yi)(yi)傳的(de)理(li)(li)論爭議較多,一(yi)般(ban)認為(wei)曾因加(jia)(jia)熱(re)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度過(guo)高而(er)使(shi)MnS之(zhi)類的(de)雜物(wu)溶入奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)并富集于(yu)晶(jing)界面(mian),而(er)冷卻時這些夾雜物(wu)又會沿(yan)晶(jing)界面(mian)析出,受沖擊時易(yi)沿(yan)粗大(da)(da)奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)晶(jing)界斷(duan)裂(lie)(lie)。 3 粗大(da)(da)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)的(de)遺(yi)(yi)傳:有粗大(da)(da)馬氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)、貝氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)、魏氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)的(de)鋼(gang)(gang)件重新奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)時,以慢速加(jia)(jia)熱(re)到常(chang)(chang)規的(de)淬(cui)(cui)火溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度,甚至再(zai)低(di)一(yi)些,其奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)晶(jing)粒(li)(li)(li)仍然(ran)是(shi)粗大(da)(da)的(de),這種現象稱(cheng)為(wei)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)遺(yi)(yi)傳性(xing)(xing)。要(yao)消除(chu)粗大(da)(da)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)的(de)遺(yi)(yi)傳性(xing)(xing),可采用中(zhong)間退火或多次高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)回火處理(li)(li)。
使用(yong)的(de)氣體(ti)滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)富碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)介質中使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)滲(shen)入低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(cD(C)一0.1~0.3)或(huo)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)合金(jin)鋼的(de)表(biao)面,使其(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)保持心部(bu)(bu)強韌性的(de)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)下獲得(de)高(gao)(gao)硬度的(de)表(biao)層,從而提高(gao)(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)耐磨性和(he)疲勞強度,是(shi)車輛(liang)傳動件(jian)(jian)(jian)常(chang)采用(yong)的(de)熱(re)(re)處(chu)理方(fang)法之一。但傳統的(de)低(di)壓真空滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐使用(yong)的(de)氣體(ti)滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)方(fang)法突出的(de)弊(bi)端是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝時間長,能(neng)源(yuan)消耗大(da),已成(cheng)為廣(guang)大(da)熱(re)(re)處(chu)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)作者(zhe)長期(qi)以來不(bu)斷探索解決的(de)問題。感(gan)應加(jia)熱(re)(re)內熱(re)(re)式真空滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)是(shi)將氣體(ti)滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)、真空熱(re)(re)處(chu)理、感(gan)應加(jia)熱(re)(re)技術在(zai)(zai)(zai)新的(de)平臺上進(jin)行集成(cheng)創新,建立一種全新的(de)金(jin)屬表(biao)面強化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝,即通(tong)(tong)過采用(yong)高(gao)(gao)效的(de)感(gan)應加(jia)熱(re)(re)方(fang)式實(shi)現(xian)(xian)快速加(jia)熱(re)(re);通(tong)(tong)過將感(gan)應線圈放置在(zai)(zai)(zai)爐內實(shi)現(xian)(xian)僅(jin)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)熱(re)(re),而爐內其(qi)他部(bu)(bu)分及爐體(ti)溫度較(jiao)低(di),達到(dao)能(neng)源(yuan)的(de)較(jiao)大(da)利用(yong)和(he)爐體(ti)結構的(de)簡化(hua)(hua);通(tong)(tong)過在(zai)(zai)(zai)真空環境下的(de)加(jia)熱(re)(re)和(he)通(tong)(tong)人滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)氣體(ti),實(shi)現(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)面的(de)凈化(hua)(hua)和(he)活化(hua)(hua),達到(dao)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)原子的(de)快速吸(xi)收(shou)和(he)較(jiao)小的(de)變形,實(shi)現(xian)(xian)優(you)質、高(gao)(gao)效、節能(neng)、降耗、減(jian)污的(de)先進(jin)化(hua)(hua)學熱(re)(re)處(chu)理生產。
這個設備了解多(duo)少呢? 是(shi)一種(zhong)能夠(gou)在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)的(de)(de)狀態下(xia)進行滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)處理(li)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)裝(zhuang)置,它在(zai)汽車的(de)(de)生產制(zhi)作領域應用的(de)(de)比較廣泛,因為有了真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)滲(shen)(shen)碳爐之后就能夠(gou)提高我(wo)(wo)們的(de)(de)工作效(xiao)率,那么(me)對于真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)滲(shen)(shen)碳爐來說,它有什么(me)優點呢?我(wo)(wo)們現在(zai)就一起來了解一下(xia)吧。1.克服傳統氣(qi)氛熱滲(shen)(shen)碳無(wu)法解決的(de)(de)盲孔滲(shen)(shen)碳問(wen)題。2.避免內氧化問(wen)題 。3 真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)滲(shen)(shen)碳的(de)(de)工藝(yi)溫度達1700攝氏度。4 縮短工藝(yi)時間。5.真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)滲(shen)(shen)碳技術與高壓氣(qi)冷(leng)淬(cui)火結合后減小畸變。6.提升微觀結構性(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)、部件硬度等方面效(xiao)果。 7. 解決滲(shen)(shen)碳過(guo)程中工件表面的(de)(de)晶(jing)間氧化、合金元素貧化等問(wen)題。8. 真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)滲(shen)(shen)碳與氣(qi)體(ti)淬(cui)火相(xiang)結合,通過(guo)對淬(cui)火過(guo)程中冷(leng)卻(que)速度的(de)(de)控制(zhi),提升產品處理(li)質(zhi)(zhi)量。9. 真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)滲(shen)(shen)碳的(de)(de)廢氣(qi)排放量小,能耗低(di)。